Niagara ENT & Facial Surgeon
Dr. Babak Karamy, MD, FRCSC
Patient Information for Thyroidectomy
What is a Thyroidectomy?
Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove all or part of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland, located in the front of the neck, plays a vital role in producing hormones that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and overall body functions.
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Indications for Thyroidectomy:
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Thyroidectomy may be recommended for individuals experiencing the following conditions:
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Thyroid Nodules: When one or more nodules in the thyroid gland are suspicious for cancer or cause difficulty swallowing or breathing.
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Thyroid Cancer: In cases of thyroid cancer, thyroidectomy may be performed to remove the cancerous tissue and prevent its spread.
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Hyperthyroidism: When the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness.
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Enlarged Thyroid (Goiter): When the thyroid gland becomes significantly enlarged, causing discomfort or compression of nearby structures.
What Happens During a Thyroidectomy Surgery?
Thyroidectomy is usually performed under general anesthesia, meaning you will be asleep during the procedure. The surgeon will make a small incision in the front of your neck to access the thyroid gland.
The extent of the thyroidectomy will depend on the specific reason for the surgery:
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Total Thyroidectomy: The entire thyroid gland is removed. This is typically done for thyroid cancer or severe hyperthyroidism.
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Partial Thyroidectomy (Hemithyroidectomy): Only one lobe of the thyroid gland is removed. This is done when a nodule or enlargement affects only one side of the gland.
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The surgery usually takes about 2 to 4 hours to complete, depending on the extent of the thyroidectomy.
Pre-Operative Instructions for Thyroidectomy
Before thyroidectomy, you will receive specific instructions from your healthcare provider, including:
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Medical Evaluation: Your healthcare provider will review your medical history and perform a physical examination to ensure you are in good health for the procedure.
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Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are currently taking, including over-the-counter supplements. Certain medications, such as blood thinners, may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped before the surgery.
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Fasting: You will likely be instructed not to eat or drink anything for a specified period before the surgery, usually starting at midnight the night before the procedure.
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Thyroid Function Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to assess your thyroid hormone levels before the surgery.
Post-Operative Care & Instructions
After thyroidectomy, you will need to follow specific post-operative care instructions:
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Recovery Period: Plan for a few days of rest at home after the surgery. Most patients can resume non-strenuous activities within a week.
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Thyroid Hormone Replacement: If you had a total thyroidectomy, you will need to begin thyroid hormone replacement medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.
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Wound Care: Keep the surgical site clean and dry as advised by your healthcare provider.
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Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain medications are usually sufficient to manage any mild discomfort after the surgery.
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Follow-Up: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments to monitor your thyroid hormone levels and overall recovery.
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Potential Risks of Thyroidectomy:
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While thyroidectomy is generally safe, it is essential to be aware of potential risks, which may include:
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Bleeding: Some mild bleeding is normal after the surgery, but significant bleeding is rare.
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Infection: Infections at the surgical site are uncommon but may occur.
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Voice Changes: The nerves that control the vocal cords are located near the thyroid gland, and damage to these nerves during surgery can lead to voice changes or hoarseness.
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Hypothyroidism: After a total thyroidectomy, the production of thyroid hormones is entirely stopped. As a result, lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy will be required to maintain proper thyroid function.
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If you are experiencing concerning symptoms or have any questions after a procedure with Dr. Karamy, please contact us​. For emergencies, please go to urgent care.
Disclaimer
The information provided on this webpage is for educational purposes only and should not replace medical advice. Please consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and individualized treatment recommendations.