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Thyroidectomy

Welcome to our patient information page about Thyroidectomy surgery. You can learn more about what to expect when you are scheduled for an thyroidectomy. Find pre- and post-operative instructions here.

Have any questions about your upcoming thyroidectomy procedure with Dr. Karamy?

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Patient Information for Thyroidectomy

What is a Thyroidectomy?

Thyroidectomy is a surgical procedure performed to remove all or part of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland, located in the front of the neck, plays a vital role in producing hormones that regulate metabolism, energy levels, and overall body functions.

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Indications for Thyroidectomy:

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Thyroidectomy may be recommended for individuals experiencing the following conditions:

  1. Thyroid Nodules: When one or more nodules in the thyroid gland are suspicious for cancer or cause difficulty swallowing or breathing.

  2. Thyroid Cancer: In cases of thyroid cancer, thyroidectomy may be performed to remove the cancerous tissue and prevent its spread.

  3. Hyperthyroidism: When the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness.

  4. Enlarged Thyroid (Goiter): When the thyroid gland becomes significantly enlarged, causing discomfort or compression of nearby structures.

What Happens During a Thyroidectomy Surgery?

Thyroidectomy is usually performed under general anesthesia, meaning you will be asleep during the procedure. The surgeon will make a small incision in the front of your neck to access the thyroid gland.

 

The extent of the thyroidectomy will depend on the specific reason for the surgery:

  1. Total Thyroidectomy: The entire thyroid gland is removed. This is typically done for thyroid cancer or severe hyperthyroidism.

  2. Partial Thyroidectomy (Hemithyroidectomy): Only one lobe of the thyroid gland is removed. This is done when a nodule or enlargement affects only one side of the gland.

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The surgery usually takes about 2 to 4 hours to complete, depending on the extent of the thyroidectomy.

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Pre-Operative Instructions for Thyroidectomy

Before thyroidectomy, you will receive specific instructions from your healthcare provider, including:

  • Medical Evaluation: Your healthcare provider will review your medical history and perform a physical examination to ensure you are in good health for the procedure.

  • Medications: Inform your healthcare provider about any medications you are currently taking, including over-the-counter supplements. Certain medications, such as blood thinners, may need to be adjusted or temporarily stopped before the surgery.

  • Fasting: You will likely be instructed not to eat or drink anything for a specified period before the surgery, usually starting at midnight the night before the procedure.

  • Thyroid Function Tests: Blood tests may be conducted to assess your thyroid hormone levels before the surgery.

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Post-Operative Care & Instructions

After thyroidectomy, you will need to follow specific post-operative care instructions:

  • Recovery Period: Plan for a few days of rest at home after the surgery. Most patients can resume non-strenuous activities within a week.

  • Thyroid Hormone Replacement: If you had a total thyroidectomy, you will need to begin thyroid hormone replacement medication as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

  • Wound Care: Keep the surgical site clean and dry as advised by your healthcare provider.

  • Pain Management: Over-the-counter pain medications are usually sufficient to manage any mild discomfort after the surgery.

  • Follow-Up: Attend all scheduled follow-up appointments to monitor your thyroid hormone levels and overall recovery.

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Potential Risks of Thyroidectomy:

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While thyroidectomy is generally safe, it is essential to be aware of potential risks, which may include:

  1. Bleeding: Some mild bleeding is normal after the surgery, but significant bleeding is rare.

  2. Infection: Infections at the surgical site are uncommon but may occur.

  3. Voice Changes: The nerves that control the vocal cords are located near the thyroid gland, and damage to these nerves during surgery can lead to voice changes or hoarseness.

  4. Hypothyroidism: After a total thyroidectomy, the production of thyroid hormones is entirely stopped. As a result, lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy will be required to maintain proper thyroid function.

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If you are experiencing concerning symptoms or have any questions after a procedure with Dr. Karamy, please contact us​. For emergencies, please go to urgent care.

Disclaimer

The information provided on this webpage is for educational purposes only and should not replace medical advice. Please consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and individualized treatment recommendations.

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