Niagara ENT & Facial Surgeon
Dr. Babak Karamy, MD, FRCSC
Understanding Acute & Chronic Sinusitis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment
What is Sinusitis?
Sinusitis refers to the inflammation of the sinus cavities, which are air-filled spaces located behind the forehead, cheeks, nose, and eyes. When the sinuses become inflamed, they can become blocked, leading to a range of symptoms and discomfort.
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Sinusitis can be acute (temporary) or chronic (long lasting or recurring).
Acute Sinusitis
Acute sinusitis is a temporary condition typically caused by a viral infection, such as the common cold. It may also result from bacterial infections or allergies.
The following are common symptoms of acute sinusitis:
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Facial pain or pressure
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Nasal congestion or blockage
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Thick, yellow or green nasal discharge
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Fatigue
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Headache
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Cough
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Loss of smell
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Bad breath
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Most cases of acute sinusitis resolve within a few weeks with appropriate treatment and self-care measures.
Chronic Sinusitis
Chronic sinusitis is characterized by persistent inflammation and symptoms that last for 12 weeks or longer. It may result from an infection, nasal polyps, a deviated septum, or underlying conditions such as asthma or allergies.
Symptoms of chronic sinusitis may include:
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Facial pain or pressure
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Thick, discolored nasal discharge
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Prolonged fatigue
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Headache
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Loss of smell or taste
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Bad breath
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Cough
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If you experience recurring or persistent sinusitis symptoms, it is essential to seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis and management.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Sinusitis
To diagnose sinusitis, your healthcare provider may review your medical history, conduct a physical examination, and possibly order imaging tests such as CT scans.
Treatment options for acute and chronic sinusitis may include:
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Medications: Depending on the underlying cause, antibiotics, antihistamines, nasal corticosteroids, or decongestants may be prescribed to alleviate symptoms and control inflammation.
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Nasal Irrigation: Saline nasal rinses or sprays can help cleanse the nasal passages and reduce congestion.
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Allergy Management: If allergies contribute to your sinusitis, your healthcare provider may recommend allergy testing and immunotherapy to minimize symptoms.
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Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: In severe or chronic cases, surgical intervention may be considered to remove nasal polyps, correct structural abnormalities, or improve sinus drainage.
Prevention & Self Care
You can take several steps to reduce the risk of developing sinusitis and manage symptoms:
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Practice good hand hygiene to minimize the spread of viral infections.
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Use a humidifier to keep the air moist, especially in dry climates or during hot seasons.
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Avoid known allergens and irritants that may trigger sinusitis symptoms.
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Stay well-hydrated and maintain a healthy lifestyle to support your immune system.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many cases of sinusitis can be managed with self-care and over-the-counter remedies, it's important to seek medical attention if you experience any of the following:
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Symptoms persisting beyond 10 days
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Severe facial pain or swelling
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High fever
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Vision changes or double vision
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Signs of a severe headache or neck stiffness
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Worsening symptoms despite treatment
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Early intervention and appropriate medical care can help prevent complications and promote faster recovery.
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At Niagara ENT, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for sinusitis and related conditions. Our team will work closely with you to develop a personalized treatment plan to treat your sinus infection.
If you feel you have an issue with this consider a referral to Dr. Karamy.
Disclaimer
The information provided on this webpage is for educational purposes only and should not replace medical advice. Please consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and individualized treatment recommendations.